See g-rjum on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese: 鹽 /盐 (*ɴ.rom (B-S), *g.lam (ZS), “salt”); 鹽 /盐 (*ɴ.rom-s (B-S), *g.lams (ZS), “to salt”); 鹹 /咸 (*Cə.ɡˁrom (B-S, *grɯːm (ZS), “salty”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Note: Vowels of the two above did not match in MC, and some (e.g. Schuessler) have therefore treated them as unrelated. Here that possibility is considered unlikely, hence treated as doublets."
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Thai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Lao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Thai",
"2": "<i class=\"Thai mention\" lang=\"th\">เค็ม</i> (kem, “salted, saline”)",
"3": "",
"4": "Lao",
"5": "<i class=\"Laoo mention\" lang=\"lo\">ເຄັມ</i> (khem, “salted, saline”)"
},
"expansion": "→Thai: เค็ม (kem, “salted, saline”)\nLao: ເຄັມ (khem, “salted, saline”)",
"name": "sit-loan"
}
],
"text": "→Thai: เค็ม (kem, “salted, saline”)\nLao: ເຄັມ (khem, “salted, saline”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Modern Mandarin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beijing: 鹽 /盐 (yán, /i̯ɛn³⁵/, \"salt\"; yàn, /i̯ɛn⁵¹/, \"to salt\"), 醃 /腌 (yān), 腌 (ā) (yān, /i̯ɛn⁵⁵/, \"to salt\"), 鹹 /咸 (xián) (xián, /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/, \"salty\")"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Himalayish"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibeto-Kanauri"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bodic"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibetan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒྱམ་ཚྭ",
"gloss": "a kind of salt, ocean salt",
"sc": "Tibt"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan: རྒྱམ་ཚྭ (rgyam tshwa, “a kind of salt, ocean salt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Tibetan: རྒྱམ་ཚྭ (rgyam tshwa, “a kind of salt, ocean salt”) (Benedict (1972) considered this to be a loanword from Old Chinese)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lep",
"2": "ᰟᰩᰮ",
"gloss": "salt",
"sc": "Lepc",
"tr": "vóm"
},
"expansion": "Lepcha: ᰟᰩᰮ (vóm, “salt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lepcha: ᰟᰩᰮ (vóm, “salt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mahakiranti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kiranti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Kiranti = Rai"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lif",
"2": "ᤕᤢᤶ",
"gloss": "salt",
"sc": "Limb",
"tr": "yum"
},
"expansion": "Limbu: ᤕᤢᤶ (yum, “salt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limbu: ᤕᤢᤶ (yum, “salt”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho-Nung-Asakian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho [Kachin]: jum (“salt”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese-Naxi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ယမ်း",
"t": "gunpowder, earlier: salt?"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: ယမ်း (yam:, “gunpowder, earlier: salt?”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Burmese: ယမ်း (yam:, “gunpowder, earlier: salt?”) (whence ယမ်းစိမ်း (yam:cim:, “saltpetre”))"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *gryam (Coblin, 1986), *gyam(ʔ) (Chou, 1972)\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *g-ryum, *gryum (Matisoff, STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Chou, 1972; LaPolla, 1987)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*g-rjum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/g-rjum",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"salt; salty, salted; to salt"
],
"id": "en-g-rjum-sit-pro-root-BCFwJrrY",
"links": [
[
"salt",
"salt"
],
[
"salty",
"salty"
],
[
"salted",
"salted"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "salt",
"word": "tsa"
},
{
"english": "salt",
"word": "m-tsji"
},
{
"english": "salty",
"word": "hjam"
},
{
"english": "bitter",
"word": "b-ka-(n"
},
{
"english": "bitter",
"word": "m"
},
{
"english": "bitter",
"word": "ŋ)"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "g-rjum"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Chinese: 鹽 /盐 (*ɴ.rom (B-S), *g.lam (ZS), “salt”); 鹽 /盐 (*ɴ.rom-s (B-S), *g.lams (ZS), “to salt”); 鹹 /咸 (*Cə.ɡˁrom (B-S, *grɯːm (ZS), “salty”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Note: Vowels of the two above did not match in MC, and some (e.g. Schuessler) have therefore treated them as unrelated. Here that possibility is considered unlikely, hence treated as doublets."
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Thai",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Lao",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Thai",
"2": "<i class=\"Thai mention\" lang=\"th\">เค็ม</i> (kem, “salted, saline”)",
"3": "",
"4": "Lao",
"5": "<i class=\"Laoo mention\" lang=\"lo\">ເຄັມ</i> (khem, “salted, saline”)"
},
"expansion": "→Thai: เค็ม (kem, “salted, saline”)\nLao: ເຄັມ (khem, “salted, saline”)",
"name": "sit-loan"
}
],
"text": "→Thai: เค็ม (kem, “salted, saline”)\nLao: ເຄັມ (khem, “salted, saline”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Modern Mandarin"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Beijing: 鹽 /盐 (yán, /i̯ɛn³⁵/, \"salt\"; yàn, /i̯ɛn⁵¹/, \"to salt\"), 醃 /腌 (yān), 腌 (ā) (yān, /i̯ɛn⁵⁵/, \"to salt\"), 鹹 /咸 (xián) (xián, /ɕi̯ɛn³⁵/, \"salty\")"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Himalayish"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibeto-Kanauri"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Bodic"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Tibetan"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bo",
"2": "རྒྱམ་ཚྭ",
"gloss": "a kind of salt, ocean salt",
"sc": "Tibt"
},
"expansion": "Tibetan: རྒྱམ་ཚྭ (rgyam tshwa, “a kind of salt, ocean salt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Written Tibetan: རྒྱམ་ཚྭ (rgyam tshwa, “a kind of salt, ocean salt”) (Benedict (1972) considered this to be a loanword from Old Chinese)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lep",
"2": "ᰟᰩᰮ",
"gloss": "salt",
"sc": "Lepc",
"tr": "vóm"
},
"expansion": "Lepcha: ᰟᰩᰮ (vóm, “salt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lepcha: ᰟᰩᰮ (vóm, “salt”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Mahakiranti"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kiranti"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [],
"text": "Eastern Kiranti = Rai"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lif",
"2": "ᤕᤢᤶ",
"gloss": "salt",
"sc": "Limb",
"tr": "yum"
},
"expansion": "Limbu: ᤕᤢᤶ (yum, “salt”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Limbu: ᤕᤢᤶ (yum, “salt”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho-Nung-Asakian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Jingpho [Kachin]: jum (“salt”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese-Naxi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Lolo-Burmese"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Burmish"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "my",
"2": "ယမ်း",
"t": "gunpowder, earlier: salt?"
},
"expansion": "Burmese: ယမ်း (yam:, “gunpowder, earlier: salt?”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Burmese: ယမ်း (yam:, “gunpowder, earlier: salt?”) (whence ယမ်းစိမ်း (yam:cim:, “saltpetre”))"
}
],
"etymology_text": "* Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *gryam (Coblin, 1986), *gyam(ʔ) (Chou, 1972)\n** Proto-Tibeto-Burman: *g-ryum, *gryum (Matisoff, STEDT; Benedict, 1972; Chou, 1972; LaPolla, 1987)",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sit-pro",
"2": "root"
},
"expansion": "*g-rjum",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"lang_code": "sit-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Sino-Tibetan/g-rjum",
"pos": "root",
"related": [
{
"english": "salt",
"word": "tsa"
},
{
"english": "salt",
"word": "m-tsji"
},
{
"english": "salty",
"word": "hjam"
},
{
"english": "bitter",
"word": "b-ka-(n"
},
{
"english": "bitter",
"word": "m"
},
{
"english": "bitter",
"word": "ŋ)"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Pages using invalid parameters when calling Template:Sinoxenic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan lemmas",
"Proto-Sino-Tibetan roots",
"Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"salt; salty, salted; to salt"
],
"links": [
[
"salt",
"salt"
],
[
"salty",
"salty"
],
[
"salted",
"salted"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "g-rjum"
}
Download raw JSONL data for g-rjum meaning in All languages combined (4.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (c15a5ce and 5c11237). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.